Source code for scrapy.extensions.httpcache

import gzip
import logging
import pickle
from email.utils import mktime_tz, parsedate_tz
from importlib import import_module
from pathlib import Path
from time import time
from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary

from w3lib.http import headers_dict_to_raw, headers_raw_to_dict

from scrapy.http import Headers, Response
from scrapy.http.request import Request
from scrapy.responsetypes import responsetypes
from scrapy.spiders import Spider
from scrapy.utils.httpobj import urlparse_cached
from scrapy.utils.project import data_path
from scrapy.utils.python import to_bytes, to_unicode

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


[docs]class DummyPolicy: def __init__(self, settings): self.ignore_schemes = settings.getlist("HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_SCHEMES") self.ignore_http_codes = [ int(x) for x in settings.getlist("HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES") ] def should_cache_request(self, request): return urlparse_cached(request).scheme not in self.ignore_schemes def should_cache_response(self, response, request): return response.status not in self.ignore_http_codes def is_cached_response_fresh(self, cachedresponse, request): return True def is_cached_response_valid(self, cachedresponse, response, request): return True
[docs]class RFC2616Policy: MAXAGE = 3600 * 24 * 365 # one year def __init__(self, settings): self.always_store = settings.getbool("HTTPCACHE_ALWAYS_STORE") self.ignore_schemes = settings.getlist("HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_SCHEMES") self._cc_parsed = WeakKeyDictionary() self.ignore_response_cache_controls = [ to_bytes(cc) for cc in settings.getlist("HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_RESPONSE_CACHE_CONTROLS") ] def _parse_cachecontrol(self, r): if r not in self._cc_parsed: cch = r.headers.get(b"Cache-Control", b"") parsed = parse_cachecontrol(cch) if isinstance(r, Response): for key in self.ignore_response_cache_controls: parsed.pop(key, None) self._cc_parsed[r] = parsed return self._cc_parsed[r] def should_cache_request(self, request): if urlparse_cached(request).scheme in self.ignore_schemes: return False cc = self._parse_cachecontrol(request) # obey user-agent directive "Cache-Control: no-store" if b"no-store" in cc: return False # Any other is eligible for caching return True def should_cache_response(self, response, request): # What is cacheable - https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec14.html#sec14.9.1 # Response cacheability - https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec13.html#sec13.4 # Status code 206 is not included because cache can not deal with partial contents cc = self._parse_cachecontrol(response) # obey directive "Cache-Control: no-store" if b"no-store" in cc: return False # Never cache 304 (Not Modified) responses if response.status == 304: return False # Cache unconditionally if configured to do so if self.always_store: return True # Any hint on response expiration is good if b"max-age" in cc or b"Expires" in response.headers: return True # Firefox fallbacks this statuses to one year expiration if none is set if response.status in (300, 301, 308): return True # Other statuses without expiration requires at least one validator if response.status in (200, 203, 401): return b"Last-Modified" in response.headers or b"ETag" in response.headers # Any other is probably not eligible for caching # Makes no sense to cache responses that does not contain expiration # info and can not be revalidated return False def is_cached_response_fresh(self, cachedresponse, request): cc = self._parse_cachecontrol(cachedresponse) ccreq = self._parse_cachecontrol(request) if b"no-cache" in cc or b"no-cache" in ccreq: return False now = time() freshnesslifetime = self._compute_freshness_lifetime( cachedresponse, request, now ) currentage = self._compute_current_age(cachedresponse, request, now) reqmaxage = self._get_max_age(ccreq) if reqmaxage is not None: freshnesslifetime = min(freshnesslifetime, reqmaxage) if currentage < freshnesslifetime: return True if b"max-stale" in ccreq and b"must-revalidate" not in cc: # From RFC2616: "Indicates that the client is willing to # accept a response that has exceeded its expiration time. # If max-stale is assigned a value, then the client is # willing to accept a response that has exceeded its # expiration time by no more than the specified number of # seconds. If no value is assigned to max-stale, then the # client is willing to accept a stale response of any age." staleage = ccreq[b"max-stale"] if staleage is None: return True try: if currentage < freshnesslifetime + max(0, int(staleage)): return True except ValueError: pass # Cached response is stale, try to set validators if any self._set_conditional_validators(request, cachedresponse) return False def is_cached_response_valid(self, cachedresponse, response, request): # Use the cached response if the new response is a server error, # as long as the old response didn't specify must-revalidate. if response.status >= 500: cc = self._parse_cachecontrol(cachedresponse) if b"must-revalidate" not in cc: return True # Use the cached response if the server says it hasn't changed. return response.status == 304 def _set_conditional_validators(self, request, cachedresponse): if b"Last-Modified" in cachedresponse.headers: request.headers[b"If-Modified-Since"] = cachedresponse.headers[ b"Last-Modified" ] if b"ETag" in cachedresponse.headers: request.headers[b"If-None-Match"] = cachedresponse.headers[b"ETag"] def _get_max_age(self, cc): try: return max(0, int(cc[b"max-age"])) except (KeyError, ValueError): return None def _compute_freshness_lifetime(self, response, request, now): # Reference nsHttpResponseHead::ComputeFreshnessLifetime # https://dxr.mozilla.org/mozilla-central/source/netwerk/protocol/http/nsHttpResponseHead.cpp#706 cc = self._parse_cachecontrol(response) maxage = self._get_max_age(cc) if maxage is not None: return maxage # Parse date header or synthesize it if none exists date = rfc1123_to_epoch(response.headers.get(b"Date")) or now # Try HTTP/1.0 Expires header if b"Expires" in response.headers: expires = rfc1123_to_epoch(response.headers[b"Expires"]) # When parsing Expires header fails RFC 2616 section 14.21 says we # should treat this as an expiration time in the past. return max(0, expires - date) if expires else 0 # Fallback to heuristic using last-modified header # This is not in RFC but on Firefox caching implementation lastmodified = rfc1123_to_epoch(response.headers.get(b"Last-Modified")) if lastmodified and lastmodified <= date: return (date - lastmodified) / 10 # This request can be cached indefinitely if response.status in (300, 301, 308): return self.MAXAGE # Insufficient information to compute freshness lifetime return 0 def _compute_current_age(self, response, request, now): # Reference nsHttpResponseHead::ComputeCurrentAge # https://dxr.mozilla.org/mozilla-central/source/netwerk/protocol/http/nsHttpResponseHead.cpp#658 currentage = 0 # If Date header is not set we assume it is a fast connection, and # clock is in sync with the server date = rfc1123_to_epoch(response.headers.get(b"Date")) or now if now > date: currentage = now - date if b"Age" in response.headers: try: age = int(response.headers[b"Age"]) currentage = max(currentage, age) except ValueError: pass return currentage
[docs]class DbmCacheStorage: def __init__(self, settings): self.cachedir = data_path(settings["HTTPCACHE_DIR"], createdir=True) self.expiration_secs = settings.getint("HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS") self.dbmodule = import_module(settings["HTTPCACHE_DBM_MODULE"]) self.db = None def open_spider(self, spider: Spider): dbpath = Path(self.cachedir, f"{spider.name}.db") self.db = self.dbmodule.open(str(dbpath), "c") logger.debug( "Using DBM cache storage in %(cachepath)s", {"cachepath": dbpath}, extra={"spider": spider}, ) self._fingerprinter = spider.crawler.request_fingerprinter def close_spider(self, spider): self.db.close() def retrieve_response(self, spider, request): data = self._read_data(spider, request) if data is None: return # not cached url = data["url"] status = data["status"] headers = Headers(data["headers"]) body = data["body"] respcls = responsetypes.from_args(headers=headers, url=url, body=body) response = respcls(url=url, headers=headers, status=status, body=body) return response def store_response(self, spider, request, response): key = self._fingerprinter.fingerprint(request).hex() data = { "status": response.status, "url": response.url, "headers": dict(response.headers), "body": response.body, } self.db[f"{key}_data"] = pickle.dumps(data, protocol=4) self.db[f"{key}_time"] = str(time()) def _read_data(self, spider, request): key = self._fingerprinter.fingerprint(request).hex() db = self.db tkey = f"{key}_time" if tkey not in db: return # not found ts = db[tkey] if 0 < self.expiration_secs < time() - float(ts): return # expired return pickle.loads(db[f"{key}_data"])
[docs]class FilesystemCacheStorage: def __init__(self, settings): self.cachedir = data_path(settings["HTTPCACHE_DIR"]) self.expiration_secs = settings.getint("HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS") self.use_gzip = settings.getbool("HTTPCACHE_GZIP") self._open = gzip.open if self.use_gzip else open def open_spider(self, spider: Spider): logger.debug( "Using filesystem cache storage in %(cachedir)s", {"cachedir": self.cachedir}, extra={"spider": spider}, ) self._fingerprinter = spider.crawler.request_fingerprinter def close_spider(self, spider): pass def retrieve_response(self, spider: Spider, request: Request): """Return response if present in cache, or None otherwise.""" metadata = self._read_meta(spider, request) if metadata is None: return # not cached rpath = Path(self._get_request_path(spider, request)) with self._open(rpath / "response_body", "rb") as f: body = f.read() with self._open(rpath / "response_headers", "rb") as f: rawheaders = f.read() url = metadata.get("response_url") status = metadata["status"] headers = Headers(headers_raw_to_dict(rawheaders)) respcls = responsetypes.from_args(headers=headers, url=url, body=body) response = respcls(url=url, headers=headers, status=status, body=body) return response def store_response(self, spider: Spider, request: Request, response): """Store the given response in the cache.""" rpath = Path(self._get_request_path(spider, request)) if not rpath.exists(): rpath.mkdir(parents=True) metadata = { "url": request.url, "method": request.method, "status": response.status, "response_url": response.url, "timestamp": time(), } with self._open(rpath / "meta", "wb") as f: f.write(to_bytes(repr(metadata))) with self._open(rpath / "pickled_meta", "wb") as f: pickle.dump(metadata, f, protocol=4) with self._open(rpath / "response_headers", "wb") as f: f.write(headers_dict_to_raw(response.headers)) with self._open(rpath / "response_body", "wb") as f: f.write(response.body) with self._open(rpath / "request_headers", "wb") as f: f.write(headers_dict_to_raw(request.headers)) with self._open(rpath / "request_body", "wb") as f: f.write(request.body) def _get_request_path(self, spider: Spider, request: Request) -> str: key = self._fingerprinter.fingerprint(request).hex() return str(Path(self.cachedir, spider.name, key[0:2], key)) def _read_meta(self, spider: Spider, request: Request): rpath = Path(self._get_request_path(spider, request)) metapath = rpath / "pickled_meta" if not metapath.exists(): return # not found mtime = metapath.stat().st_mtime if 0 < self.expiration_secs < time() - mtime: return # expired with self._open(metapath, "rb") as f: return pickle.load(f)
def parse_cachecontrol(header): """Parse Cache-Control header https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec14.html#sec14.9 >>> parse_cachecontrol(b'public, max-age=3600') == {b'public': None, ... b'max-age': b'3600'} True >>> parse_cachecontrol(b'') == {} True """ directives = {} for directive in header.split(b","): key, sep, val = directive.strip().partition(b"=") if key: directives[key.lower()] = val if sep else None return directives def rfc1123_to_epoch(date_str): try: date_str = to_unicode(date_str, encoding="ascii") return mktime_tz(parsedate_tz(date_str)) except Exception: return None